Yudina N.V., Feldman N.B. Chrematonyms in the Professional Discourse of the Nuclear and Space Industry

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.3.19

Natalya V. Yudina

Doctor of Sciences (Philology), Professor, Department of Language Training, Vice-Rector Deputy for Authorities Cooperation, Regional Development, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation

Prosp. Leningradsky, 49, GSP-3, 125993 Moscow, Russia

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-6959

Nataliya B. Feldman

Postgraduate Student, Department of the Russian Language, Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletovs

Gorkogo St., 87, 600000 Vladimir, Russia

Coordinator of Special Projects, Vladimir Information Center of Nuclear Energy

Prosp. Oktyabrskiy, 3, 600000 Vladimir, Russia

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0354-3778 

Abstract. The article focuses on studying chrematonyms in nuclear and space industry professional discourse. The analysis of 734 Russian, English, Italian, French, German, Polish and Japanese lexemes nominating spacecraft, spaceships, nuclear reactors and nuclear research facilities resulted in discovering three common ways in the process of generating and functioning of chrematonyms in the professional discourse, including a lexico-semantic nomination (formed by means of onimization of appellatives, transonymization of personal and precedent names, toponyms, chrematonyms and cosmonims, deonimization); the word-formation considers the sound, syllabic and mixed abbreviation, as well as the formation of compound words; the syntactic method involves the formation of simple and complex substantive combinations of words. The authors conclude that chrematonyms as a class of onims have a specific linguistic meaning, affecting the semantic generation of the proper name in an inanimate object of material culture and emphasizing the unique and differential feature of the object and point to their specifically professional linguistic feature: motivation, derivative character, terminological unity, and frequency of usage. The research demonstrates the following special aspects of functioning of chrematonyms in the professional discourse: play on words, allusions and metaphors, ameliorative and deteriorative connotative meanings, which reflect non-typical processes for professional lexis and perform a peace-maintaining function of the language.

Key words: professional discourse, language for special purposes, chrematonyms, onimization, transonymization, nomenclature unit, personal precedent names.

Citation. Yudina N.V., Feldman N.B. Chrematonyms in the Professional Discourse of the Nuclear and Space Industry. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 2. Yazykoznanie [Science Journal of Volgograd State University. Linguistics], 2019, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 227-238. (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.3.19

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